| Carolingians | | practice of buying high positions within the church's hierarchy |
| WilliamtheConqueror | | search for heretics |
| manorialism | | name given to peasants in Europe |
| Magyars | | Known as Charles the hammer, Pepin II's son |
| Feudalism | | Pope during Henry IV's rule, one of the great leaders of the medieval chruch |
| Clovis | | Became the frankish king in 481. |
| Charlemagne | | Nomads from the East who settled in what is now Hungary, terrorized Europe |
| HenryIII | | elected king of Germany in 936, became known as Otto the great |
| MiddleAges | | person who was granted land from a Lord |
| curia | | law based upon customs and judges' decisions; rather than written codes |
| InnocentIII | | Charlemagne's only remaining son after his death. A weak and shortsighted ruler. |
| SairtPatrick | | new line of Frankish rulers, after Pepin II was anointed king |
| commonlaw | | advisors to the pope, held in supreme authority |
| Vikings | | court order against a region, closing all of the churches |
| SaintAugustine | | Pepin's son and the greatest of all Frankish kings |
| Medieval | | Most feared invaders in Europe, were from Scandinavia in the North |
| LouisthePious | | Land given by a Lord to another person |
| serfs | | Political organization in which small, local, independent leaders take over |
| FrederickBarbarossa | | code of conduct known to bring major changes into a feudal society |
| Fief | | inheritance system from father to oldest son |
| HenryIV | | Took the throne of Wessex, determined to drive the danes from England |
| Inquisition | | William I of England |
| AlfredtheGreat | | took over the German thrown at 5, began ruling at age 15. |
| Charles Martel | | Ruled Germany from 1046 to 1056, represented the height of imperial power |
| sacraments | | English ruler who ruled from 1154 to 1189, increased royal authority in England |
| PopegregoryVII | | time period known as the medieval period of European Development |
| cardinals | | in 1198 to 1216, one of the strongest medieval popes, strengthened the chruch and its worldly power |
| canonlaw | | advisors to the pope, "princes of the church" |
| HenryII | | people who deny the church's principals or preach against the church |
| Primogeniture | | social and political system thattook its name from the manors of the Middle ages. |
| interdict | | Name taken by Clovis and his successors |
| OttoI | | Monk who created teh rules to govern monks lives |
| SaintBenedict | | latin for "great charter", outlined the rights of England's ordinary people |
| vassal | | Frederick I, also known as Frederick of the red beard |
| heretics | | also known as the Middle Ages |
| Merovingians | | ceremonies at which the participants recieve God's direct favor or grace |
| Chivalry | | Credited with bringin Christianity to Ireland in 432 |
| MagnaCarta | | Led monks into England, aided bringing christianity to England |
| simony | | church's own code of laws |
