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Across 7. was composed of aristocrats who made laws and decisions. 9. state has total, unquestioned control over society 10. appointed dictator of Athens for 1 year. He freed enslaved people, limited land one person cold own, and encouraged trade. 13. What Romans believed every man should aspire to, which means "grave, serious, and devoted to duty." 17. Greek word meaning "lover of wisdom." 19. Son of Phillip II, who was a military genius. He led the Greeks in conquering all of the Ancient world, and wanted "divine honors." 20. Considered the Father of Philosophy, he said everything, at a basic level, was made of water. 22. Two brothers who made a last effor to revive the old Republic of Rome. 24. Athenians founded this group of cities to ward against further Persian threat. 26. Greek colonies, ruled by Persia. They revolted, and asked Athens to help them. 27. Language of the Roman people, which is still used today by the Catholic church and in legal terms. 29. group ruled by an aristocracy, classes were unequal, their ruler was Draco 31. Savage, war-like people who burned down rome and threatened their existence. Rome had to pay them to leave. This traumatic experience caused Romans to become obsessed by strength. 32. Rome's executive, "Presidential" figure 35. Had an atomic theory--said everything was composed of atoms. 36. Wrote about the very famous assassination of Julius Caesar in the Senate. 38. Macedonian king who reunited the Greeks. 40. He believed all in nature could be explained through mathematical relationships. 41. what Greeks called all other peoples 42. This group enslaved people, turned into a military society, first totalitarian society in history, defective children were killed. 43. society is ruled by elite, with status inherited by wealth 44. A new emperor of Rome who claimed he had resorted the Republic, although he had complete control of the army and everything else. 45. Famous for his theory of "ideal forms," he said the sould could make contact with true beauty and goodness. He wrote "The Republic," which described his idea of a perfect government. 46. Roman government consisting of aristocratic Patricians and commoners called Plebeans 47. Located in North Africa, very strong and expanding much as Rome was, war between Rome and this place was inevitable. 48. rule of society by one person 49. Greek city-states 50. He went down in history as a "mortar for the cause of truth." He questioned, "What is a good life?" and "What is justice?" 51. one who is too ambitious and proud. He tries to be equal to gods.

Down 1. This war is an example of fear causing a war. Fighting was between Athens and Sparta and lasted 30 years. 2. Patricians, realizing how much they needed the Plebeans, were forced to create this office, which put in place someone who looked out for the common people's interests. 3. An army commander who became very powerful and named himself dictator of Rome. 4. upperclass aristocracy of Rome 5. Persians attacked Athens. Athens won, and said this proved that free men fight better than slaves. 6. worshiped a "mother goddess," great traders, highly sanitary, good roads, women took part in recreation 8. name of Draco's harsh law code 11. a people of warrior society, ruled by a king. Worshiped a sky god who used a thunderbolt weapon. 12. Persia surrounded Spartans. Spartans groomed themselves for death, and fought until the last Spartan died. 14. The one word the Tribune could walk in and say during unfair lawmaking, which means, "I forbid." 15. During this period, after Alexander's death, Greek ideas and thinking spread beyond just Greece. 16. A soldier who devotes most of his lifetime fighting in the army. 18. Athens defeated the Persians. This battle was a turning point in history, because if Persia would have won, Greeks' self-rule, citizenship, and scientific views of the world would have been lost. 21. another name for "serf" or enslaved laborer 23. Second dictator of Athens for 1 year, he created the first participatory democracy, a legislature called "ecclesia," and a "Council of 500" 25. society is governed by small, elite group with inherited status 28. Cruel, war-like people who conquered and ruled the Romans for 100 years. Romans absorbed their culture, which consisted of chariot racing, gladiatorial activities, Trojan dress, etc. 30. productive people of Rome, who farmed and fought in armies. 33. One who behaved overly ambitious suffers retribution. 34. rule of society by the people 37. He rejected Plato's ideal forms. He said that if you wanted to understand something, you must study it. He founded all modern academic subjects, such as Biology, etc. 39. Carthogenian commander. 40. Wars between Carthage and Rome.