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Across 3. The set of programs and related documentation (such as instruction manuals) used in a particular application. 6. An input device used to control a pointer on a computer screen. 7. Series of letters and/or numbers specifying the location of a document on the World-Wide Web. 9. The component of the central processing unit that decodes, synchronizes, and executes program instructions. 10. a device used to key in terms. 11. A memory device in the form of a collection of integrated circuits (chips), frequently used in microcomputers. Unlike ROM (read-only memory) chips, RAM chips can be both read from and written to by the computer, but their contents are lost when the power is switched off. 12. The mechanical, electrical, and electronic components of a computer system, as opposed to the various programs, which constitute software. 13. Notebook computers use an external modem connected via a special interface card. 14. Techniques used to prevent illegal copying of computer programs. 15. is designed for homes and offices and retains maximum compatibility with programs written for the MS-DOS operating system. 16. In communications, a modular, computer-controlled, digital switching system used in telephone exchanges. 17. Unedited log of mouse-clicks that records visitor actions on a site on the World Wide Web. 19. On a computer screen, the symbol that indicates the current entry position (where the next character will appear). 21. right-hand button of the mouse that brings up a context-sensitive menu presenting a range of options relevant to the user's current activity. 22. system administrator for a server on the World Wide Web. 24. Colour display system which provides either 256 colours on screen and a resolution of 1,024 x 768 pixels or 25,536 colours with a resolution of 640 x 480. 25. A set of standards for storing multimedia information on CD-ROM. 29. A typical graphical desktop, showing the menu system, icons, programs, and applications available to the user. 30. monitor based on a cathode-ray tube developed by Sony, designed to give a sharper image and more uniform brightness than conventional monitors. 31. The collective name for materials on which data can be recorded.

Down 1. Abbreviation for Open Systems Interconnection. 2. FTP protocol for transferring files across the Internet or other communications link. 4. A file that contains all the additions, deletions, and amendments required during file updating to produce a new version of a master file. 5. In computer animation, technique for calculating the correct colours and intensity of lighting playing on an on-screen three-dimensional object. 8. Data is obtained by the CD-ROM drive by converting the reflections from a disc's surface into digital form. 18. Two popular World Wide Web browsers, Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer, which provide the user with a straightforward method of accessing information online. 20. In graphical user interfaces, a small on-screen window with blanks for user input. 23. Program developed by Adobe to allow users of different types of computers to view the same documents complete with graphics and layout. 26. Set of specialized data for use with a larger database. 27. Standard arrangement of keys on a UK or US typewriter or computer keyboard. 28. memory address-Number specifying the location of a particular item in a computer's RAM.