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Earth's Features

Match each word to the correct definition.

1Volcano _____Water that contains a high concentration of dissolved salts (mainly sodium chloride).
2Magma _____A fluid or hardened stream or avalanche of mud.
3Lava _____Hot fluid or semifluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed on cooling.
4Pacific Basin _____The action of surface processes that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transports it to another location.
5Pacific Ring of Fire _____Any naturally occurring water except seawater and brackish water.
6Earthquake _____A term used in science that refers to the geological process of rocks breaking apart without changing their chemical composition.
7Fault Lines _____ A rupture in the crust of the Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
8Plate Tectonics _____The breaking down of rocks, soils, and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, water, and biological organisms.
9Plate Boundaries _____A sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.
10Uplift _____The belt or zone of the continental lithosphere where the extensional deformation (rifting) is occurring
11Continental Rifting _____The sliding down of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff.
12Richter Scale _____The envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.
13Salt Water _____ Vertical elevation of the Earth's surface in response to natural causes
14Fresh Water _____A linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.
15Weathering _____A theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates which move slowly over the underlying mantle.
16Physical Weathering _____A numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of seismograph oscillations.
17Chemical Weathering _____Also known as the ecosphere, it is the worldwide sum of all ecosystems.
18Erosion _____The total amount of water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in the air.
19Atmosphere _____Hot molten or semifluid rock erupted from a volcano or fissure, or solid rock resulting from cooling of this.
20Hydrosphere _____The erosion or disintegration of rocks, building materials, etc., caused by chemical reactions (chiefly with water and substances dissolved in it) rather than by mechanical processes.
21Lithosphere _____The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
22Biosphere _____Referred to as the “Ring of Fire” due to intense earthquake and volcanic activity occurring near areas of tectonic plate subduction (where one tectonic plate is forced under another).
23Landslide _____also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. The majority of Earth's volcanoes and earthquakes take place along this place.
24Mudflow _____A line on a rock surface or the ground that traces a geological fault.

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