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Cell Structure and Function

Biology I

1cell theory _____controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell
2cytoplasm _____drives molecules across a membrane form a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
3organelle _____a rigid layer that gives protection to the cell
4prokaryotic cell _____opposite of endocytosis
5eukaryotic cell _____movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell
6cytoskeleton _____fluid-filled sac used for the storage of materials needed by the cell
7nucleus _____carry out photosynthesis
8endoplasmic reticulum _____lower concentration than the cell
9ribosome _____type of endocytosis involving large particles
10Golgi apparatus _____diffusion of molecules through transport proteins
11vesicle _____the difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another
12mitochondrion _____the storehouse for most genetic information
13vacuole _____cells that have a nucleus
14lysosome _____process of taking liquids into a cell by engulfing them in the membrane
15centriole _____membrane bound organelles that contain enzymes
16cellwall _____cells that do not have a nucleus
17chloroplast _____structures specialized to perform distinct processes within a cell
18cellmembrane _____higher concentration than the cell
19phospholipid _____tiny organelles that link amino acids together to form proteins
20fluid mosaic model _____consists of closely layered stacks of membrane-enclosed spaces that process, sort, and deliver proteins
21selective permeability _____protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response
22receptor _____cylinder-shaped organelles made of short microtubules arranged in a circle
23passive transport _____allows some but not all materials to cross the cell membrane
24diffusion _____same concentration of dissolved particles
25concentration gradient _____movement from a high water concentration to a low water concentration
26osmosis _____theory that states all organisms are made of cells, all cells are produced by other living things, and the cell is the most basic unit of life
27isotonic _____movement of molecules in a fluid or gas
28hypertonic _____network of proteins that is constantly changing to meet the needs of a cell
29hypotonic _____small membrane-bound sacs that divide some materials from the rest of the cytoplasm and transport these materials from place to place within the cell
30facilitated diffusion _____contains a phosphate group, glycerol, and two fatty acid chains
31active transport _____supply energy to the cell
32endocytosis _____describes the arrangement of the molecules that make up a cell
33phagocytosis _____a jellylike substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks
34exocytosis _____interconnected network of thin folded membranes

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