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Across 5. Seed used in the production of oils, e.g., canola or sunflower oil (2 Words) 6. Dark upper layer of soil made up of partially decayed plant material 8. Rock from which soil is derived (2 Words) 10. Upper layer of permafrost that thaws only briefly in summertime (2 Words) 11. Deep intertwined root system of grass (2 Words) 12. Rich, fertile earth in which decaying and decayed plant matter is mixed with clay, silt and sand 13. Vegetation region that contains both coniferous and deciduous trees. It's a transition zone between the deciduous forest and the boreal forest (2 Words) 14. Surface layer of the earth, composed of minerals and organic materials, air and water 15. Ground that does not completely thaw in the summer

Down 1. Boundary between the tundra and boreal forest zone. North of this line is too cold for trees to grow (2 Words) 2. Surface layer of soil 3. Plants that would grow in a area in the absence of human influence (2 Words) 4. Vegetation region that is a transition zone between grassland and boreal forest 7. Area where the characteristics of one region gradually changes into those of another (2 Words) 9. Removal if Minerals from soil by water as it moves downward through the soil. Leaching occurs in wet climates