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Across 1. Constitutional clause that gives congress the power to make all laws "necessary and proper" for executing its powers. 6. A lengthy speech designed to delay or kill the vote on a bill; used only in the Senate 11. Presides over the Senate when the regular leader is absent. 12. the legislative leader elected by party members holding a minority of seats in the House or the Senate 14. A court order that requires police to bring a prisoner to court to explain why they are holding the person 15. An office mandated by the Constitution. The Speaker is chosen in practice by the majority party, has both formal and informal powers, and is second in line to succeed to the presidency should that office become vacant.

Down 2. Part of the First Amendment stating that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion." 3. a law that would allow a person to be punished for an action that was not against the law when it was committed 4. a law that declares a person, without a trial, to be guilty of a crime 5. the accumulation of power and authority in conjunction with the length of time spent in office 7. the legislative leader elected by party members holding the majority of seats in the House or Senate 8. Powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution 9. an assistant to the party floor leader in the legislature 10. A procedure used in the Senate to limit debate on a bill 13. the First Amendment guarantee that citizens may freely engage in the religious activities of their choice