Across 4. discovered the increase in wavelength of x rays when scattered by an electron (2 Words) 6. discovered and studied hydrogen; first to measure Newton's gravitational constant; calculated mass and mean density of Earth (2 Words) 9. discovered electromagnetic induction and devised first electrical transformer (2 Words) 10. father of electrodynamics (3 Words) 12. theorized existence of the atomic nucleus ; developed theory of Rutherford scattering (2 Words) 14. explained photoelectric effect; formulated theories of special and general relativity (2 Words) 15. formulated separate electrostatic and electrodynamical laws, including ``Gauss' law' (4 Words) 17. co-developed quantum electrodynamics (2 Words) 18. discovered that a current in a wire can produce magnetic effects (3 Words) 23. studied transverse nature of light waves (2 Words) 24. contributed to creation of quantum mechanics; introduced the ``uncertainty principle'' (2 Words) 26. accurately measured speed of light; invented the gyroscope; demonstrated the Earth's rotation (2 Words) 27. discovered law of elasticity (2 Words) 29. predicted wave properties of the electron (3 Words) 30. helped found quantum electrodynamics; predicted the existence of antimatter (2 Words) 31. studied polarization of light; co-discovered that intensity of magnetic field set up by a current (2 Words) 32. co-developed quantum electrodynamics; a graphical method called Feynman diagrams (2 Words) 34. first introduced string theory to describe the strong force without using quantum fields (2 Words) 36. developed sensitive magnetometers; (3 Words) 40. co-developed quantum electrodynamics (2 Words) 42. the first American physicist; characterized two kinds of electric charge, which he named ``positive'' and ``negative'' (2 Words) 46. predicted the existence of the top quark, which he named; also named the bottom quark (2 Words) 47. performed fundamental observations, experiments, and mathematical analyses in astronomy and physics (2 Words) 51. experimentally confirmed that atomic energy states are quantized (2 Words) 52. co-invented the first particle accelerator (2 Words) 53. co-discovered the Higgs boson (2 Words) 54. invented the modern condensing steam engine and a centrifugal governor (2 Words) 55. created alternating current (2 Words) 56. contributed to quantum theory and to theory of nuclear reactions and nuclear fission (2 Words) 57. introduced Lorentz transformation equations of special relativity (2 Words) 58. performed extensive fundamental studies of electromagnetic phenomena; devised first practical electric motor (2 Words) 59. contributed to the discovery of the muon neutrino and the bottom quark (2 Words)

Down 1. co-discovered the antiproton (2 Words) 2. made fundamental contributions to manifold theory, string theory (2 Words) 3. discovered cosmic radiation (2 Words) 5. experiments on elasticity, electricity, and magnetism; established experimentally nature of the force between two charges (4 Words) 7. proposed a simple geometrical wave theory of light; pioneered use of the pendulum in clocks (2 Words) 8. formulated the quantum theory; explained wavelength distribution of blackbody radiation (2 Words) 11. made the first terrestrial measurement of the speed of light; (2 Words) 13. discovered that current flow is proportional to potential difference and inversely proportional to resistance (2 Words) 16. experimented with sound waves; derived an expression for the apparent change in wavelength of a wave due to relative motion (2 Words) 19. discovered mechanical equivalent of heat (3 Words) 20. performed experiments leading to first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (2 Words) 21. co-developed the Interacting Boson Model of the atomic nucleus; introduced supersymmetry in nuclei (1980) (2 Words) 22. propounded the theory of electromagnetism; developed the kinetic theory of gases (3 Words) 25. contributed to creation of quantum mechanics; formulated the Schrödinger wave equation (2 Words) 28. pioneer in study of electricity; invented the first electric battery (2 Words) 33. hypothesized that the Earth is a giant magnet (2 Words) 35. worked on electromagnetic phenomena; discovered radio waves and the photoelectric effect (2 Words) 37. measured charge distributions in atomic ; measured the charge distributions in the proton and neutron (2 Words) 38. discovered radioactivity of thorium; co-discovered radium and polonium (2 Words) 39. studied light and color; known for his double-slit experiment that demonstrated the wave nature of light (2 Words) 41. developed theories of gravitation and mechanics, and invented differential calculus (2 Words) 43. discovered law of refraction (2 Words) 44. contributed to theoretical understanding of black holes and gravitational radiation; co-founded the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory Project (LIGO) (3 Words) 45. contributed to theoretical understanding of high-energy collisions and the fundamental interactions of elementary particles (2 Words) 48. deduced ``Brewster's law'' giving the angle of incidence that produces reflected light which is completely polarized; invented the kaleidoscope (2 Words) 49. co-discoverd the god-particle (2 Words) 50. co-discovered the antiproton (2 Words)