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Across 1. handle appeals from federal district courts 8. higher court reviews the decision and determines if justice was served 12. authority hear a case first 13. complains against another party

Down 2. a guid line for similar future cases 3. authority to hear an appeal 4. an effort by judges to avoid overturning laws and to leave policymaking up to other 2 branches of government 5. an effort by judges to take an active role in policymaking by overturning laws relatively often 6. the power to overturn any law that the court decides is in conflict with the constitution 7. another word for "courts of appeal" 9. defendant accused of law breaking and found guilty 10. complained against 11. a written statement explaining the reasons for the decision