chromosome Its a cellular structure that holds our
genetic information in thread like strands of DNA.
Genes small segments of DNA that contain
information for producing proteins.
Alleles different forms of a gene
RecessiveGenes genes that show their effective
only when both alleles are the same.
DominantGenes genes that show their effective even
if there is only one allele for that trait in the
pair.
phenotype the organism observed characteristics
twinadoptedstudies genetic and enviornmental
similarities compared and contrasted.
heritablity the extent to which a characteristic
is influenced by genetics
polygenictransmission the process by which many
genes interact to create a single characterist
somaticnervoussystem transmits sensory information
to the brain an spinal cord to the skeletal
muscles.
soma the cell body of a neuron
dendrites finger like projections from a neurons
soma that receive incoming messages from other
neurons.
synapse the junctions between an axon and the
adjacent neuron, where information is transmitted
from one neuron to another.
terminalbuttons little knobs at the end of the
axon that contain tiny sacs of neurotransmitters.
interneurons neurons that communicate only with
other neurons.
Ions chemically charged particles that pre
dominate in bodily fluids found both inside and
outside cells.
restingpotential the difference in eletrical
charge between the inside and outside of the axon
when the neurons are at a rest.
mirrorneurons nerve calls that are active when we
observe others preforming a action as well as when
we are preforming the same action.
sensoryneurons nerve cells that receive incoming
sensory information from the sense organs.
glutamake the most common excitatory
neurotransmitter in the brain.
dopamine a neurotransmitter released in reponse to
behaviors that feel good or are rewarding to the
person or animals voluntary motor control.
hippocampus a limbic structure that wraps itself
around the thalamus. It plays a vital role in
learning and memory.
cerebellum involved in body movement, balance,
coordination, fine-tuning motor skills, and
cognitive activities such as learning and
language.
aphasia deficit in the ability to speak of
communicate language.
cerebalcortex thin outter layer of the cerebrum in
whic much of human thought, planning, perception,
and consciousness takes place.
brocasarea named after Paul Broca
arborization the growth and formation of new
dendrites.
endocrine systems of glands that secrete and
regulate hormones in the body.
hormones chemicals secreted by glands travel in
the blood stream carrying messages to tissues and
organs all over the body
catecholmines chemicals released from adrenal
glands that function as hormones and as
neurotransmitters to control ANS activation.
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