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Across 7. Refers to the extent of voids or openings in the soil that exist between soil particles and soil peds or clods. These pores hold water and air for absorption by plant roots. 8. The relative portions of sand, silt, and clay particles in a mass of soil 9. The long-term average weather conditions 11. Designating the inorganic nature of a substance 12. The addition of sediment, as by flowing water. 14. A vertical section of a soil. The section, or face of an exposure made by a cut, may exhibit with depth a succession of separate layers 17. To gather or collect 18. Unweathered hard rock that lies directly beneath the soil layers or beneath superficial geological deposits, such as glacial drift. 20. Any vegetation that grows close to the ground, producing protection for the soil 22. Color difference on a mass of moderately poorly drained soil. 23. The horizon of weathered rock or partially weathered soil material from which the soil is formed 25. A vertical section of a soil. The section, or face of an exposure made by a cut, may exhibit with depth a succession of separate layers 26. A layer of soil, approximately parallel to the surface, having distinct characteristics produced by soil-forming processes 27. In soil science, a group of textural classes in which the particles are finer than gravel but coarser than silt, ranging in size from 2.00 to 0.5 millimeters in diameter. It is the textural class of any soil that contains 85 percent or more of sand and not more than 10 percent of clay

Down 1. Accumulation of water-worn pebbles larger than two millimeters in diameter. 2. A size term denoting particles, regardless of mineral composition, with diameter less than 2 microns. 3. Any soil out of place 4. Soil whose properties are dominated by soil minerals, usually containing less than 20 percent organic matter. 5. The removal of soluble constituents from soils or other materials by percolating water 6. A textural class of soils that contains 80 percent or more of silt and less than 12 percent clay 10. The capacity of soil or rock for transmitting a fluid. Degree of permeability depends upon the size and shape of the pores, the size, and shape of their interconnections, and the extent of the latter. 13. Matter found in, or produced by, living animals and plants, which contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and often nitrogen and sulfur 15. The artificial application of water to soil for the purpose of increasing plant production. 16. A unit of soil structure such as an aggregate, crumb, prism, block, or granule, formed by natural processes (in contrast with a clod, which is formed artificially by compression of a wet clay soil). 19. The upper thin layer of Earth in which all life depends upon 21. The group of processes whereby earthy or rock material is worn away, loosened, or dissolved and removed from any part of the earth’s surface 24. Abbreviation for amout of soil a water can keep available for plant use