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Across 1. A reference to a familiar literary or historical person or event, used to make an idea more easily understood. 5. Dissatisfaction that follows the failure of expectations or hopes. Similiar to regret. 8. The main message that an author wants to communicate to a reader. 9. A quotation at the start of a poem or work of prose. 10. A picture evoked from the words in a piece of writing. 12. Character assumed by an author in a work of literature. 14. The emotions or feelings that are conveyed in a literary work. 16. Imaginary person who speaks the words of the poem - not the poet. 17. Something concrete that stands for a more abstract idea in literature.

Down 1. To turn away, to make indifferent. 2. An attitude of scornful or jaded negativity. 3. A stanza of four lines in a poem. 4. The attitude of the writer toward the topic or subject. 6. A plot twist that shifts a narrative away from the expected climax. 7. The main character in "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" by T.S. Eliot. 9. A story by James Joyce that he wrote in 1914. 11. Contemporary or "up to date" 13. A phrase repeated at intervals throughout the work. 15. The author of "The Second Coming" 16. A figure of speech that compares two things, usually using the words "like" or "as"