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Across 1. A measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other. 4. An explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events. 8. The view that psychology: Should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes. 9. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which is assumed to be an active agent. 10. Historically significant perspective that emphasizes the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth. 11. Repeating the essence of a research study, usually with different participants in different situations, to see whether the basic finding extends to other participants and circumstances. 15. A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of them. 17. An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles. (2 Words) 19. The perception of a relationship where none exists 20. An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis. 23. The tendency to believe, after leaning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it. 25. The group in an experiment that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable. 28. Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base. 29. Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation 31. The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. 32. The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Down 2. A statement of the procedures (operations) used to define research variables. For example, human intelligence may be operationally defined as what an intelligence test measures. 3. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied. 5. A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable). By random assignment of participants, the experimenter aims to control other relevant factors. 6. A branch of medicine dealig with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical ( for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy. 7. Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems. 12. The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon. 13. Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions. 14. The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. 16. An experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo. 17. A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being. 18. All the cases in a group, from which samples may be drawn for a study. 21. A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders. 22. A testable prediction, often implied by theory 24. The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable. 26. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance, thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups. 27. The group in an experiment that contrasts with the experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment. 30. A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.