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Across 4. human male displaying the XYY chromosome structure 5. Franz Gall's theory stated that a persons "bodily constitution" might reflect personality 7. tries to link violent behavior to eating habits , vitamin deficiencies, genetics that affect body tissues. 9. explanation that accounts for a set of facts and that can be tested by further investigations 10. referred to today as the founder of the Classical School of criminology 11. violation of social norms 12. a study of the causes of crime 14. theory that suggested a condition in which a person could have features thught to be common in earlier stages of human evolution 15. 18th century approach to the causes of crime, emphasized free will and reasonable punishment 17. won the nobel prize as a result of his theory about behavioral conditioning 18. violation of the criminal law without acceptable legal justification 19. classification of human beings according to body build and other physical characteristics 20. form of mental illness in which the sufferer is "out of touch with reality"

Down 1. contemporary theory with roots in the Classical School, focuses primarily on pleasure and pain as motivators of human behavior 2. characterized by disordered and disjointed thinking 3. theory devised by Jeremy Bentham that stated the exercise of free will would cause a person to avoid committing a crime as long as the punishments for comitting crime out weighed the benefits. 6. developed psychoanalysis 8. called the "father of modern criminology" 13. has an inability to imagine how others think and feel 16. set of explanations that attempt to describe, explain, predict, and control some class of events